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Grouped-Discourse Agama -- Volume 1 雜 阿 含 經 |
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Grouped-Discourse Agama - Booklet 2 Sutra SA (0041) The Fivefold Round (or The Five Intertwined Phases) -- (SN22.56 Upadanam parivattam – PTS {S iii 58})[1]
Thus have I heard: On one occasion the Buddha was staying near Savathi, at Jeta Grove, in Anathapindika 's Park. Then, the Tathagata said to the bhikkhus: - “There are five clinging aggregates: form, feelings, perceptions, mental fabrications and consciousness. With regard to (each of) these five aggregates, I have direct knowledge of the five(fold round): direct knowledge of form, direct knowledge of the accumulation[2] of form, … of the relish of form, … of the danger from form, … of the detachment from form; similarly, direct knowledge of feeling, … of perception, … of mental fabrications, … and of consciousness, direct knowledge of the accumulation of consciousness, … of the relish of consciousness, … of the danger from consciousness, … of the detachment from consciousness.
“What is direct knowledge of form? Anything that has form: the four great existents[3] and the form derived from them, all of these are called forms. Form is such; one directly knows it as such. “What is direct knowledge of the [karmic] accumulation of form? To take delight in form, that is called the accumulation of form. The accumulation of form is such; one directly knows it as it such. “What is direct knowledge of the relish of form? Pleasure conditioned on form to arise, that is the relish of form. The relish of form is such; one directly knows it as such. “What is the direct knowledge of the danger of form? The fact that form is something inconstant, stressful, and subject to change is called the danger of form. The danger of form is such; one directly knows it as such. “What is the direct knowledge of the detachment from form? The fact that with regard to form, one can tame his passion & desire, cut off passion & desire, get beyond passion & desire is called the detachment from form. The detachment from form is such; one directly knows it as such.
“What is direct knowledge of feeling? There are six bodies of feeling: feeling born of eye-contact, feeling born of ear-contact, feeling born of nose-contact, feeling born of tongue-contact, feeling born of body-contact, feeling born of intellect-contact; this is called feeling. Feeling is such; one directly knows it as such. “What is direct knowledge of the accumulation of feeling? The accumulation of contact[4] is the accumulation of feeling. The accumulation of feeling is such; one directly knows it as such. “What is direct knowledge of the relish of feeling? Pleasure conditioned on the six bodies/classes of feeling to arise, that is the relish of feeling. The relish of feeling is such; one directly knows it as such. “What is the direct knowledge of the danger of feeling? The fact that feeling is something inconstant, stressful, and subject to change is called the danger of feeling. The danger of feeling is such; one directly knows it as such. “What is the direct knowledge of the detachment from feeling? The fact that with regard to feeling, one can tame his passion & desire, cut off passion & desire, get beyond passion & desire is called the detachment from feeling. The detachment from feeling is such; one directly knows it as such.
“What is the direct knowledge of perception? There are six bodies/classes of perception, which are they? Perception born of eye-contact, perception born of ear-contact, perception born of nose-contact, perception born of tongue-contact, perception born of body-contact, perception born of intellect-contact; (** Taiso 2. Lower 9) this is called perception. Perception is such; one directly knows it as such. “What is direct knowledge of the accumulation of perception[5]? The accumulation of contact is the accumulation of perception. The accumulation of perception is such; one directly knows it as such. “What is direct knowledge of the relish of perception? Pleasure conditioned on the six bodies/classes of perception to arise, that is the relish of perception. The relish of perception is such; one directly knows it as such. “What is the direct knowledge of the danger of perception? The fact that perception is something inconstant, stressful, and subject to change is called the danger of perception. The danger of perception is such; one directly knows it as such. “What is the direct knowledge of the detachment from perception? The fact that with regard to perception, one can tame his passion & desire, cut off passion & desire, get beyond passion & desire is called the detachment from perception. The detachment from perception is such; one directly knows it as such.
“What is the direct knowledge of mental fabrications (samshara)? There are six bodies/classes of intention, which are they? Intention born of eye-contact, intention born of ear-contact, intention born of nose-contact, intention born of tongue-contact, intention born of body-contact, intention born of intellect-contact; these are called mental fabrications. Mental fabrications are such; one directly knows them as such. “What is direct knowledge of the accumulation of mental fabrications? The accumulation of contact is the accumulation of mental fabrications. The accumulation of mental fabrications is such; one directly knows it as such. “What is direct knowledge of the relish of mental fabrications? Pleasure conditioned on mental fabrications to arise, that is the relish of mental fabrications. The relish of mental fabrications is such; one directly knows it as such. “What is the direct knowledge of the danger of mental fabrications? The fact that mental fabrications are something inconstant, stressful, and subject to change is called the danger of mental fabrications. The danger of mental fabrications is such; one directly knows it as such. “What is the direct knowledge of the detachment from mental fabrications? The fact that with regard to mental fabrications, one can tame his passion & desire, cut off passion & desire, get beyond passion & desire is called the detachment from mental fabrications. The detachment from mental fabrications is such; one directly knows it as such.
“What is direct knowledge of consciousness? There are six bodies/classes of consciousness: eye-consciousness, ear-consciousness, nose-consciousness, tongue-consciousness, body-consciousness, and intellect-consciousness. These are called consciousness bodies. Consciousness bodies are such, one knows them as such. “What is direct knowledge of the accumulation of consciousness? The accumulation of name & form is the accumulation of consciousness. The accumulation of consciousness is such, one knows them as such. “What is direct knowledge of the relish of consciousness? Pleasure conditioned on consciousness to arise, that is the relish of consciousness. The relish of consciousness is such; one directly knows it as such. “What is the direct knowledge of the danger of consciousness? The fact that consciousness is something inconstant, stressful, and subject to change is called the danger of consciousness. The danger of consciousness is such; one directly knows it as such. “What is the direct knowledge of the detachment from consciousness? The fact that with regard to consciousness, one can tame his passion & desire, cut off passion & desire, get beyond passion & desire is called the detachment from consciousness. The detachment from consciousness is such; one directly knows it as such.
“Bhikkhus! For any contemplatives or priests who by seeing and knowing form in this way, are turning their mind to dispassion (with regard to form), they are going on the right path/direction. Those who are going on the right path have penetrated into my teachings. It is similar for feeling, perception, mental fabrications and consciousness. “For any contemplatives or priests who by knowing form in this way, grow disenchantment and dispassion with regard to form, stop all mental effluents, their mind are released. Those whose mind is released, are fully accomplished. For those who are fully accomplished, (** Taiso 2. Upper 10) the Brahman conduct (holy life) is established. Those, whose Brahman conduct (holy life) is established, detach from what is not them (form), and are free[6].That is the end of suffering. It is similar for feeling, perception, mental fabrications and consciousness.”
Having heard the Buddha speak thus, the bhikkhus with great joy put the teaching into practice. [1] The equivalent sutta in Pali SN22.56 Upadanam parivattam is ‘The (fourfold) round in regard to the five aggregates.’ ‘Round’ (parivattam) means cycle or intertwined phases. The Pali sutta lists the fourfold round as: the clinging aggregates, the originaton of the clinging aggregates, the cessation of (clinging to) the aggregates, the practice leading to the cessation of (clinging to) the aggregates. This sutra (Chinese Canon) lists the fivefold round as: the clinging aggregates, the accumulation (origination) of the clinging aggregates, the relish of the clinging aggregates, the dangers from the clinging aggregates, the detachment from the five aggregates. [GN] [2]集 (tập): accumulation, Pali: àyuhana; The equivalent sutta in Pali uses the word origination (samut.t.hàna.) There are 4 kinds of origination of corporeal phenomena, namely: through Karma, Consciousness, Temperature, Nutriment. That which are ‘Karma-produced’ (eg. sense-organs, sexual characteristics etc. are karma-born) are conditioned either through wholesome or unwholesome Karma-formations (volitional actions) in the past. Accumulation (àyhana) is a name used in the conmmetarial literature, for the wholesome and unwholesome volitional activities (karma) or Karma-formations (sankhàra, see paticcasamuppàda (Dependent Origination) being the bases of future rebirth. “Accumulation” (àyuhana) is a name for the the Karma-formations, and signifies those volitionas (cetàna), which arise at the performance of Karma. The accumulation of these ‘volitions’ or ‘intentions” is karma-formations, leading to rebirth. The accumulation of form (色集): Intentions to take delight in form (karma-formations) leading to the accumulation (coming to be) of form. [GN] [3]四大 (dhatu): the earth property, the liquid property, the fire property, & the wind property. [GN] [4] The accumulation of contact (觸集): karma-formations (i.e. the intentions to take delight in contact) that lead to the coming to be (rebirth) of feeling, perception, mental fabrications. [GN]
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VOLUME 1 Booklet 01(SA 0001-0032) Booklet 02 (SA0033-0058)
SA0033 Discourse on the Not-Self Characteristic
Booklet 03 (SA0059-0087) Booklet 04 (SA0088-0102) Booklet 05 (SA0103-0110) Booklet 06 (SA0111-0138) Booklet 07 (SA0139-0187) Booklet 08 (SA0188-0229) Booklet 09 (SA0230-0255) Booklet 10 (SA0256-0272) Booklet 11 (SA0273-0282) Booklet 12 (SA0283-0303)
Booklet 13
(SA0304-0342) |
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